Banking Error Codes Directory

A reference for transaction failures, authorization issues, and network communication error codes from banks and payment processors.

Banking error codes are response signals returned by card networks, issuers, processors, and transfer systems when a payment can’t be completed as requested. A single code can indicate anything from “do not honor” and insufficient funds to invalid data, network timeouts, fraud controls, or account restrictions.

This directory is for merchants, support teams, and consumers who need a quick interpretation that matches the real-world scenario. Codes are grouped by common families (05, 12, 14, 51, 54, 91, and ACH return patterns), and each entry focuses on what to check first, what can be retried safely, and when you need issuer or processor involvement.

  • Browse common decline families to triage faster at checkout or in support logs
  • Compare similar response codes that look interchangeable but aren’t
  • Use recently indexed entries to spot newly added processor and ACH topics
  • Review the guide for practical steps merchants and consumers can both follow
  • Check the FAQ for timing, retry, and “what to do next” answers

What you'll find here

  • Card and payment-network response codes used by issuers and processors
  • ACH return codes and transfer failures explained with likely causes
  • Resolution steps for merchants and consumers, organized by scenario
  • Featured codes plus the newest entries added to the directory

Recently Indexed

16 codes

05 - Do not honor

Authorization Feb 20, 2024

The card issuer is declining the transaction for an unspecified reason. The customer should contact their card issuer.

54 - Expired card

Authorization Feb 12, 2024

The card has expired. The customer needs to use a different card.

Sponsored

Advertisement

Ad slot: banking-hub

How to Read Banking Error Codes

Banking error codes follow standardized formats established by payment networks and financial institutions. Understanding these patterns helps identify the root cause of transaction failures and processing issues.

1. Identify the Code Type

Banking codes typically fall into categories that indicate the type of issue:

  • Authorization codes: Issues with transaction approval
  • Network codes: Problems with payment network communication
  • Security codes: Fraud prevention and security blocks
  • Account codes: Issues with account status or limits

2. Understand the Context

Each code includes contextual information about:

  • The specific transaction type involved
  • The merchant or payment processor
  • The card issuer or bank
  • The amount and timing of the transaction

3. Cross-Reference with Network Documentation

Always verify error codes against official documentation from:

  • Card network operating regulations (Visa, Mastercard, etc.)
  • Payment processor documentation
  • Banking association guidelines
  • Federal Reserve operating circulars

4. Take Action Based on Code Type

Different code types require different responses:

  • Authorization denials: May require alternative payment method
  • Network failures: May require retry or alternative processing
  • Security blocks: May require cardholder verification
  • Account issues: May require customer contact with their bank

If You’re Stuck

Checklist for Banking Code Issues:

  • Verify card expiration date and account status
  • Check for daily transaction limits or account restrictions
  • Confirm merchant category code compatibility
  • Validate billing address and CVV information
  • Contact card issuer for authorization issues
  • Check for fraud alerts or security holds
  • Verify payment processor configuration
  • Document all error codes and timestamps
ErrorCodesIndex logo